| Introduction |
Natural condition
Wind conditions: more southerly and southeasterly winds in summer, more northerly and northwest winds in winter. The gale days greater than Grade 7 or above are about 8 days per year, and typhoons occur about 1 to 2 times per year, which have little impact on ports.
Precipitation: The annual average precipitation is 755.6 mm, with the most rainfall from June to July, accounting for 70% of the year.
Fog condition: the average fog day is 51.6 days per year, which is the most in April-July every year. It has little influence on shipping and production.
Temperature: The annual average temperature is 12.1 C, the extreme maximum temperature is 35.4 C, and the extreme minimum temperature is - 16 C.
Tide: It is a regular semi-diurnal tide type with an average high tide level of 3.85 meters, an average low tide level of 1.08 meters, a maximum high tide level of 5.36 meters and a minimum low tide level of 0.70 meters.
Tide: It belongs to half-day tidal current. The general characteristic is that the velocity of the rising tide is greater than that of the ebb tide. The duration of the rising tide is less than that of the ebb tide. The tide basically belongs to the reciprocating current. The direction of the maximum current velocity is parallel to the coast. The maximum tidal current velocity in Qianwan is 0.51 m/s and the maximum tidal current velocity in Qianwan is 0.33 m/s.
Waves: The waves in Jiaozhou Bay are mainly the refracted and diffracted waves in the small wind zone in the Bay and the waves in the outer sea passing through the Bay mouth.
Navigation information
Channel: The channel entering and leaving Qingdao Port is divided into two parts: the inner channel and the outer channel. The inner channel is to enter Jiaozhou Bay and sail to each port area, while the outer channel is to enter Jiaozhou Bay.
The offshore waterway is 1.8-27 nautical miles wide and 45 kilometers long, which meets the needs of ships of different directions and classes to enter the main waterway. Huangdao Oil Phase II Project has opened a new 200,000-ton waterway with a width of 370 meters. The main waterway has a shallow water section outside the bay mouth and is about 6 kilometers long. It is planned that 200,000-ton large-scale ships will use the existing deep-water oil tanker waterway. Other ships will enter the main waterway from various branches according to the direction of arrival.
From the turning point of off-shore main channel group island to each port area and anchorage, there are six main Inner-bay channels in Jiaozhou Bay, which meet the requirement of 20,000-ton ships not to ride the tide and 50,000-ton ships entering and leaving by the tide. Oil harbor channel can enter the anchorage of No. 23 oil tanker directly by the oil terminal of Phase I or bypass shallow reefs. From the oil tanker anchorage to the oil tanker terminal of Phase I is the North Channel of Phase I oil tanker. Large 200,000-ton tankers are not allowed to enter or leave the oil terminal area of Phase II by tide. Qianwan Harbour Area is currently a single channel, which can meet the requirements of the recent Qianwan Phase I and Phase II projects and plan a two-way channel with a bottom width of 400 meters.
There are 37 navigation signs in the port, of which 14 are light piles, 27 are light floats, 1 is light navigation and 2 are light towers. Lighthouse locations are
Xiaoqingdao Lighthouse (36 degrees 03'11.0 N/120 degrees 19'04.0 E)
Tuandao Lighthouse (36 degrees 02'41.3 N/120 degrees 16'54.9 E)
Anchorage: The anchorage of Qingdao Port for all kinds of ships mainly consists of commercial anchorage, quarantine anchorage, temporary anchorage and tanker anchorage.
The planned new anchorage site is located outside No. 21 anchorage site outside Jiaozhou Bay. The water area is about 32 million square meters. It can anchor more than 30 large ships of 10,000 tons.
Qingdao Port is located in the eastern part of Shandong Peninsula. It is a comprehensive and excellent port with broad water depth and no frost all the year round. It has 15 wharfs, 73 berths, 32 berths above 10,000 tons, 6 berths for 50,000 tons, 6 berths for 100,000 tons and 2 berths for 300,000 tons. In 2004, the port throughput exceeded 160 million tons, becoming one of the largest ports in China's foreign trade. Container throughput exceeded 5 million tons, ranking 14 in the world. Iron ore imports rank first in the world, and crude oil imports rank first in the coastal ports of China. The cargo throughput exceeded 180 million tons, ranking fifth in China's port cargo volume. Containers exceeded 6 million tons, ranking third in the country. Qingdao Port is a national super-large port with 112 years of history, an important international trade hub on the western coast of the Pacific Ocean, and the second largest foreign trade port in China. It has trade with more than 450 ports in more than 130 countries and regions in the world. The hinterland of Qingdao Port is vast. The main export commodities are petroleum, coal, machinery, chemical industry and light industrial products. Qingdao coast is rich in shrimp, sea cucumber, abalone and other seafood for export. Import commodities are mainly steel, light industrial machinery, wool, chemical raw materials, household appliances, metal ore and non-metallic ore, wood, fertilizer and so on. Qingdao Port is not only the best harbor in China, but also one of the famous tourist and summer resorts in the world. |
